Group Project Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Group Project Finance - Essay Example Year in and year out, there are reports of various forms of medical errors, most of which lead to very grievous consequence s as has been stated before. Below are some of the commonest forms of medical errors that are experienced in the United States on a constant statistical basis. Forms of Medical Errors Medication Errors The American Health Association identifies medication errors as the number form of medical error that is experienced in all United States health facility (McDonald , 2013). According to the European Medicines Agencies (2012), â€Å"Medication errors are unintentional errors in the prescribing, dispensing, or administration of a medicine while under the control of a healthcare professional, patient or consumer.† This can be said to be a very holistic definition that gives a total outline of what medication errors are and how they come about. Basically, medication errors can be said to be unintentional, even though their consequences are mostly unavoidable an d unpardonable. What is more, medication errors are not caused by unskilled specialists put by medical experts and under the supervision of same. What this means is that medication errors ends at the point where the medical expert ends his duty in prescribing, dispensing or administering a drug to the patient. The situation must not continue from the point where the patient makes a mistake with a well prescribed or administered medicine or drug to say medication error has taken place (Den Bos et al., 2011). Surgical Errors Surgical errors have also been said to be the second largest form of medicine errors that are recorded across health facilities in the United States. Whiles finding permanent or temporary solutions to some forms of ailments and diseases that plague patients, health professions have had the need to undertake various forms of surgical operations. These operations may be as minor as a non-opening surgery or as huge as a plastic surgery. Whiles undertaking some of the se surgical operations, there are series of mistakes that surgeons make. When such mistakes that occur in the process or in the act of undertaking a surgery occurs, we say there has been the occurrence a surgical error. Experts have continued to wonder why there continues to be high cases and incidents of surgical errors when there continuous to be advancement in technology, tools, training, and procedures. It has however been settled that over work on the part of nurses, doctors and other hospital personnel is a major cause of this. Fatigue, miscommunication, lack of attention, and hastiness have also been identified as common causes. Nosocomial Infections Nosocomial infections have also been identified as a very risky medical error that commonly takes place among some most health facilities. Generally, nosocomial infections are hospital acquired infections, meaning they are infections that come about as a result of favored hospital environment (Den Bos et al., 2011). In the common est form, nosocomial infections occur as patients visit hospitals or are admitted at the hospitals. Nosocomial infections are also commonly reported in the form of outbreak of diseases among

HRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

HRM - Essay Example Recruitment is the process of attracting, evaluating and hiring employees and includes job analysis, sourcing, employee screening and selection and induction process. Job analysis aims at determining the different roles in the job and includes specifying the job requirements through outlining the job description and job specification (Torrington, 2011). The job description identifies the functions of the job within the organization, employment terms and reporting relationships of the job holder while the job specification sets out the education, skills, attributes and experience that successful candidates for the job should posses (McKenna & Beech, 2008). Google is constantly looking for graduate-level job entrants to join their teams and uses both online and off-line advertisement media to attract suitable job candidates for the position. Google uses various sources in its recruitment and some include Google recruitment events such as Google Games, Google Code Jam competition, Campu s recruitment and Google Ambassador Program. The job adverts are placed in notice boards, company magazines, newspapers and company website. The company shortlists suitable candidates who meet the minimum criteria and invites them for a series of interviews that aim at assessing the candidate’s job knowledge, skills, and behaviors (Redman & Wilkinson, 2009). According to the company website, the hiring process is simple and involves first conversation with the ‘recruiter, a phone interview and onsite interview at the company offices’. The hiring process aims at increasing communication with the prospective candidates. The panel interview aims at discovering the leadership skills, role-related knowledge, conceptual and analytic skills and ‘Googleyness’ (Sutherland, 2012). According to the company website, they are looking to hire the ‘next

Ethical And Unethical Acts Of Mcdonalds Commerce Essay

Ethical And Unethical Acts Of Mcdonalds Commerce Essay McDonald is one of the famous and the best fast food company which Is known by everybody in the world and all of the people in the world are familiar with it and the age does not mater form young people to old people also the kids know McDonald when they see the logo that shows that the company works in the proper way in the organization. This shows that all of the members in McDonald have good relationship with each other which is very good and they have to keep on working in this way in order to be the number one fast food all around the world.mcdonald company has some ethical and unethical advertisements which are very important and it will be described in the other paragheraphs that shows how does the entity work and how do they succeed in the business how do they advertise and whey ways do they use in order to rich their goles.mcdonal is a company which has a lot of branches and also a lot of campaigns all over the world and the number of foods that they have is also a lot which shows that they have good corporation and good management and good agreement which is very good for the company. They have all of hamburgers and a lot of chickens which is very good and tasty and many people like it and when they eat it there are happy with it because the price is also good so makes people happy in all of functions. the good thing about mc Donald is comparing to the other fast foods like KFC they have both hamburger and chicken but in KFC they just have chicken which for those people which dont like chicken they can eat hamburger in case of chicken so they have the right to if they dont like hamburger they choose the chicken or the opposite thing which is very good and its made for everybody in the organization. McDonald has a lot of workers and employees in the world which all of them know what they have to do in their job and what are the important t thing that they have to do and how do they have to act in their branches with people all of these people are been trained so that none of the people which they visit McDonald get upset form the acts that the employee does so it a very good decision that McDonald made for its people. 2.0 Ethical Advertisements of McDonald Company McDonald is very organized company which they have a lot advertisement all over the world which all of their advertisement are really good and proper which all the people when they see the advertisement the automatically visit McDonald branches to taste the new sandwich or new facilities that McDonald brought in and McDonald has a lot of advertising in their campaigns which for example they have internet in their branches and also they have coffee which they dont had coffee before they only had sandwiches but now they have breakfast as well so this makes people to take their laptops and visit McDonald and have a breakfast with coffee and enjoy . McDonald its a really nice place and the people enjoy it and also its very friendly place that all of the people when thy enter McDonald they are happy when they see the logo of McDonald which looks like a nice smile in yellow color and the other thing that is good about the McDonald is that ten price are good and the cost of everything that you eat is not a lot and so many people so it does not matter they are rich or poor they can eat McDonald whenever they want this shows that McDonald has a good relationship with all its customers not only poor or only right its designed for all the people in the world which is very good and this makes them successful in their corporation. 3.0 Ethical Advertisement of McDonald Part 2 Another advertisement that McDonald does is in the football stadium that we see the logo of McDonald this shows that they spend a lot amount of number for their advertisement which is very large amount of money and they do a lot of these kind of advertisement in the year which is good and bad the good part is good that to advertise about your company but the bad part is that in case of advertising by this amount of money its better to help people who dont have house to live and they dont have food so McDonald it was better for them to give food to the poor people rather that advertising in this way which is not good and ethical way so they could have give food to tem in order to making them fell that why did we not eat McDonald ever so in case of this it was better to give them try McDonald which was very good thing and it was good for McDonald reputation as well. McDonald also have a lot of logos in different manners which are very interesting and when people look at it they will really like it for example when they had their first branch of coffee shop they had the coffee in the picture which was looking like a hamburger but if you see it properly it looks like a coffee which was very interesting and they had another example like a cow which was on the box that this shows that all of the foods that McDonald has is fresh that they kept the cow there to show that all of our foods are fresh and it was very interesting for the people and people liked the advertising the McDonald made for them to make them happy . 4.0 Ethical Advertisement of McDonald Part 3 Another ethical advertisement that McDonald has is they have very good consternation on the childrens and they have respect for the childrens for example they have happy meal for the children which it has toys in side it and make s the kids happy and it also made them loyal customers of McDonald and its not only because of the food it is also because of the toys which attracts the kids and they always want to east McDonald this shows that McDonald uses good strategies and good ways that how to attract the kids and also the other generation of people and also the middle age of people to come in McDonald and have the food this shows that they are fowling the right way in their business which is very good as we can see it they are really successful in their company because they are always becoming better and becoming bigger that this is very good they say that the smile of the McDonald is becoming bigger that shows that they want to make all the people all over the world happy and it a very good strategic that McDonald is using in the company. 5.0 Unethical Advertisement of McDonald Company Unethical advertisement of McDonald company is that they have a lot of advertisement which cost a lot for example in the stadium and in the billboards and everywhere ere this kind of advertisement is not good because they can save this money and giving it to the people which dont have house to live or spending this money in other was like making schools for the poor people and a lot of examples like these that McDonald has to do in order to make all the people in the world happy if their aim is this toward their business and they have use keep away form these kind of worlds so they dont have problem in the future but the good thing is that McDonald has a good management which they will never have problem but they have to make all the people have its not nice that the people which they dint have money be sad or un happy so they can save this money and giving it to the people which dont have house to live or spending this money in other was like making schools for the poor people and a lot of examples like these that McDonald has to do in order to make all the people in the world happy if their aim is this toward their business and they have use keep away form these kind of worlds so they dont have problem in the future but the good thing is that McDonald has a good management which they will never have problem but they have to make all the people have its not nice that the people which they dint have money be sad or un happy so people and a lot of examples like these that McDonald has to do in order to make all the people in the world happy if their aim is this toward their business and they have use keep away form these kind of worlds so they dont have problem in the future but the good thing is that McDonald has a good management which they will never have problem but they have to make all the people have its not nice that the people which they dint have money be sad or un happy and fell good. . . McDonald has to give them free food in order to make them happy so everybody in the world feels happy about McDonald which is very good. The other thing which was not good about the McDonald was that they before had hamburgers which was made by worms which was not good so in the countries which they have Islam in their religious they cannot eat these king of food so they came up with the new hamburger and the kept a hall name in side of it so to tell the Muslim people this food is hall to eat is which was a good decision they McDonald made for the people. 6.0 Comparing McDonald with its Competitors McDonald haves a lot of competitors which they also have fast foods in the world but the good thing about the McDonald is that they have made and image in peoples mind that all of the people in the world like McDonald and they like to eat McDonald which is very good and the McDonald competitors are really strong and good competitors which they also have good and a lot of costumes but there are not as the famous that McDonald is because form small to big people everybody knows McDonald but the other fast foods company maybe ton all of the people knee them as they know McDonald this shows that the strategy and the etches that they use was very good and this shows that they were following the ethical ways in their business which is very good and now they have accomplish the goal that they wanted and now they have their costumers all over the world which is very good and the other companies also have their costumers but not like McDonald and then other issue that is McDonald dont have delivery that this shows that the already have a lot of customers that they dont need to have delivery but the other competitors they have delivery . McDonald had a plan that they dont have delivery their plan was that they dont have it because people come in to McDonald branches and enjoy their eating there and just come out of the house and feel happy which was very good that they made people come out from their house and visit the branched s and eat their food there which was very good planning by the management of McDonald that made its customers happy and enjoy eating food in their restaurant. 7.0 McDonald Ethical Strategies McDonald company has a lot of strategies in their business which that med them to become on elf the best fast food restaurants in the world and they use strategies and ethics like they have use the standards and also they try all the facts and the fictions in the company and what are the peoples choice of food whey king of food do people like when they enter a resonant these all the question that McDonald has answer to it order to see what people like in the restaurant and base on that they made their hamburgers and the meals that they have n their restrains and the coffee and jukes that they have kept there in the resonance that shows that McDonald cars a lot about people which is very good and they knew now what people like that is the reason that the made the marabou for the people company has a lot of strategies in their business which that med them to become on elf the best fast food restaurants in the world and they use strategies and ethics like they have use the standards and also they try all the facts and the fictions in the company and what are the peoples choice of food whey king of food do people like when they enter a resonant these all the question that McDonald has answer to it order to see what people like in the restaurant and base on that they made their hamburgers and the meals that they have n their restrains and the coffee and jukes that they have kept there in the resonance that shows t which live in Arab countries which was a good decision that the found out to make a sandwich that can fit into Arab cultures which was very good and then the maid they made the Mc Arabia for the Arab people and many people except the Arab also like it these shows that they have good activity of working and this shows that they not only make food and serve food they plan also for the future that what foods to bring in the future for the people and also for the charity they also have plans that they tell people to help people and also they have draw in the world cup of football and also the had a pizza cuff which also was mad for the Indian which they like spicy food so this shows that they have very good relationship with the people and the look after that what people exactly like in the food so that they can make the foods like the kind which people like it and all of these to show that there is very good and proper management in the McDonald and it will be very good also of their reputation in the future their reputation is already good but it will become better and better as it goes in then front so McDonald has to continue this way in order to be the best in the world. 8.0 McDonald Analysis McDonald company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers that how to they make the foods that people what are they eating which was very good and to tell people to be sure that what are they eating and to see how the foods are making and also McDonald company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers that how to they make the foods that people what are they eating which was very good and to tell people to be sure that what are they eating and to see how the foods are making and its very good way that know how the foods are being made that McDonald is using it and also the McDonald company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers that how to they make the foods that people what are they eating which was very good and to tell people to be sure that what are they eating and to see ho w the foods are making and also McDonald company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers. The company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers that how to they make the foods that people what are they eating which was very good and to tell people to be sure that what are they eating and to see how the foods are making and also McDonald company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers that how to they make the foods that people what are they eating which was very good and to tell people to be sure that what are they eating and to see how the foods are making and its very good way that know how the foods are being made that McDonald is using it and also the McDonald company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers that how to they make the foods that people what are they eating which was very good and to tell people to be sure that what are they eating and to see how the foods are making and also McDonald company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers. 9.0 McDonald Unethical Strategies There are some Unethical strategies which the company use to attract the customers like having bad advertisements and the company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers that how to they make the foods that people what are they eating which was very good and to tell people to be sure that what are they eating and to see how the foods are making and its very good way that know how the foods are being made that McDonald is using it and also the McDonald company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers that how to they make the foods that people what are they eating which was very good and to tell people to be sure that what are they eating and to see how the foods are making and also McDonald company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers. McDonald company also sees everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers that how to they make the foods that people what are they eating which was very good and to tell people to be sure that what are they eating and to see how the foods are making and also McDonald company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers. McDonald company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers that how to they make the foods that people what are they eating which was very good and to tell people to be sure that what are they eating and to see how the foods are making and its very good way that know how the foods are being made that McDonald is using it and also the McDonald company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers that how to they make the foods that people what are they eating which was very good and to tell people to be sure that what are they eating and to see how the foods are making and also McDonald company also analysis everything in the restaurants that they kept a new role that show the kitchens to the customers. 10. Conclusion in conclusion McDonald has to continue the way that it is going now and it is the right way and they have to use the ethical way in order to be the fist and the best fast food restaurants in the world and they dont have to use unethical way in their business so they will have problem and they have get away from these kind of decision which are not good and the best thing to follow the ethical way in the business which can help the company to be in the right way in the business that they have and they have to make everything better so that they cans improve in their world and the have to have more branches in fitter by palming good and the workers also have to work properly and in the proper way that they dont have problem and all of these has to work to with each other to be successful in the business and the corporation and the reputation of the company.

Human Rights vs. Sovereignty :: Human Rights Essays

The massive, protracted bombing of Serbia was "the first offensive action for NATO, and the first time that Allied armed forces were unleashed against a sovereign nation with which the United States was not formally at war or without express authorization by the United Nations Security Council," observes Stephen Presser, professor of law at Northwestern University. "What we were doing in the Balkans is part of the post-Vietnam creation of a new set of doctrines of international law. These doctrines lack clearly defined limits," he warns. "We may be witnessing the opening moves in the forging of a New Global order that fundamentally impairs national sovereignty and allows possessors of superior military force to dictate the basic terms of domestic life to other nations without even the formalities of conquest." In the current issue of Orbis, a quarterly publication of the Foreign Policy Research Institute (fpri.org), Presser argues that the real reason for NATO's bombing of a sovereign nation "appears to have been to compel Belgrade to cede autonomy, if not territory, to a minority ethnic group. What is there, then, in the United Nations charter or in international law that would authorize our action in the Balkans," he asks, "and what, if any, are the reach and the limits of our new doctrine of Humanitarian Intervention? The UN Charter seeks to secure both the protection of 'fundamental human rights' and the 'equal rights' of 'nations large and small,'" Presser notes. "The Charter clearly undertakes to protect the territorial integrity and the sovereignty of individual nations, and seems to preclude interference in a nation's domestic affairs unless the Security Council declares a situation a threat to 'international peace and security' and expressly authorizes int ervention. While the UN and its agencies expressed official concern about what went on in the Balkans," he affirms, "the Security Council did not authorize intervention in Kosovo by UN or NATO forces." Presser points out that "a series of international law doctrines wholly outside the UN Charter authorize interference by one state in another's affairs. These have included military actions to protect one's own citizens who are within another's borders, and there have been several armed interventions by individual or groups of nations purportedly to protect the rights of minorities in particular or human rights in general, whether or not the individuals to be protected were citizens of the intervening nations.

Misc-En-Scene Sin City

For my essay on mise-en-scene, I will be talking about Sin City, written and directed by Frank Miller, Robert Rodriquez and Quentin Tarantino. In this film, there are many unique techniques used by the directors to portray emotions, hidden meanings and to determine mood. Sin City is a bold and brutal adaptation of the graphic novels written by Frank Miller. Mise-en-scene is a cinematic term, which refers to techniques used by directors to help construct a specific onscreen representation. It consists of the setting of the film, costume and make up, lighting, staging, and last of all, time and space. The scene that I will be analyzing would be the scene in which Marv confronts Cardinal Roark and forces him to confess, after which Marv kills him. Marv, a brute of a man, is one of the protagonists in this film. He wakes up after a one-night stand with a prostitute ‘Goldie’ and she lies beside him dead. Marv realized that he has been framed and goes on a vengeful rampage to uncover the truth. He kills Kelvin who is a cannibal who murders and consumes people, and finds out the Kelvin was the cardinal’s ward. The setting of this scene is in the Cardinal’s room where it is dark and we can barely make out the furniture present inside. Color symbolism is extreme in the entire film; the film is almost entirely inked in black and white. The directors created the film using the visually stunning black and white style of film noir to emphasize cynical and extreme attitudes and sexual motivations. Film noir is used to depict the darker aspects of modernity, and is usually set in a criminal milieu; exactly what this film needed. The narrative and existential angst that drives a male protagonist and a voluptuous femme fatale who seduces the protagonist for her own benefits are the gist of film noir, which are present in Sin City. Goldie used Marv for his huge size and brute strength to protect her, while Marv had feelings for Goldie. Her murder drives him mad and fuels his rage to find her killer. Sin City can be classified as a neo-noir film, which possesses elements of film noir, but with updated themes and visual elements that were absent in classic film noir. However, it is the color rendering in this film that is unique. The retained or added color to certain objects is an amazing technique, bringing out the emotions of the character or empathize the significance of the object. In the confrontation scene, the eyes of Cardinal Roark are painted green and it is the only other color present in that picture of black and white. The color of the eyes shown would make the audience focus on Cardinal Roark as he confess, and to be drawn to ponder on his sick thoughts and emotions. Green color may have been used to depict a sense of evil and perverse present in the Cardinal, and true to the saying â€Å"The eyes are the windows to a person’s soul. The color red is rendered many times in the strikingly monochromatic film, mainly in the form of bloodshed or love objects like the heart-shaped bed where Marv and Goldie had their one night affair. Red is meant to depict extreme violence, death, love and vulnerability in Sin City and it plays an important role in stimulating the emotions of the audience. In spite of this, red is only used when it is required and not all blood is painted red. In some scenes, the blood is left as white colored to show that it is not as significant in the film. There is a scene in the flashback during Cardinal Roark’s confession, in which Goldie is fully colored from her yellow locks to her fiery red dress and the color of her skin. The idea was to illustrate how beautiful Goldie was in Marv’s eyes and how full of life Goldie was to Marv in the dreadful Sin City. Besides the color in the scene I have chosen, there are flashes of brilliant color at different junctions of the film. There is one scene where the prostitutes in Old Town, depicting justice served in a crude way, stain the skies red during the massacre of mercenaries. One very distinct color I would like to point out would be the Yellow Bastard’s skin color at the last part of the film. The connotation of yellow in this case, will be to represent dirty, pungent and obnoxious, so true to Yellow Bastard’s character that even his blood bleeds yellow. The costumes and makeup play another important element of mise-en-scene. As in the case of the dressing of the prostitute Goldie, the elegant and sexy dresses that she dons in the film help her play the part of the seductress. The blonde locks along with the blood-red lipstick she possess give the audience the vibe that she is a femme fatale. On the other hand, Marv is clothed throughout in a black trench coat with a white singlet inside, displaying his heedless of caution attitude. The actor playing Marv, Mickey Rourke is portrayed as the graying behemoth embodied underneath a ton of facial make-up to make him look grotesque and fierce. Besides that, Kelvin wears a pair of glasses to invoke the look of a creepy psychopath killer. All this costumes and makeup contribute in building the personalities of the characters in Sin City, empowering them with attributes the directors require them to have. In the lighting context for Sin City, low-key lighting is utilized throughout the film. Low-key lighting or chiaroscuro is present in the scene that I mentioned, with artificial light shone through the windows of the Cardinal’s room. The room is supposedly pitch dark and the only light present comes from outside the window. Thus creating a dimly lit scene, which gives the audience a feel of the impending doom of Cardinal Roark. Strong shadows engulf both the Cardinal and Marv, generating tension between the both characters. Marv’s face is barely visible at times, only a portion shown by the lighting. I believe by making the room so dark, it forces the audience to focus on what is visible. The weak light shone on Kelvin’s decapitated head also creates an eerie feel. At the final part of the scene whereby Marv presumably cuts Cardinal Roark’s throat, the darkness and shadows conceal the gore that ensues. The low-key lighting acts to dampen the effect of the violence as the details are being obscured. Furthermore, in the flashback during the confession of the cardinal, there is a shot of Kelvin with bright lighting shown from behind him. His entire face is black due to the shadow and his glasses were the only thing white in color. The effect creates such a deviant character and literally sends chills down one’s spine. On the whole, the sinister environment of Sin City is primarily submerged in low-key lighting, except in dramatic epic sequences, where the directors want the audience to see the details clearly. Another important aspect of misc-en-scene used in a film is the staging. Staging refers to the movement and placement of actors and objects. In the chosen scene, Marv breaks into Cardinal Roark’s room, shows him the decapitated head of Kelvin and places it on the table. â€Å"The dog ate the rest†, Marv tells Roark straight in his face. Marv does that to show his hostility towards Roark and to instill fear in him, but it does not seem to work as Roark just got out from his bed to examine the head. The act of Marv drawing his gun from his holster tells the audience that Marv was all ready to shoot Cardinal Roark in the head. His stance is in standing position while Roark just sat there without fleeing. This shows that Roark was ready to accept his fate. Yet, Marv did not blast his head to smithereens. He sat down across Roark to listen to his confession before murdering him. He smokes a cigarette as he listened to Roark, taking his time. All of this staging tells us that he wanted pleasure in killing the cardinal slowly. Expression on the characters is a critical part of staging and in a scene of confrontation as such, it plays a huge role. The expression on Marv’s face in the cardinal’s room remained unusually calm, without showing much rage. It creates a very tense atmosphere in the room, keeping the audience in suspense over when Marv would end Roark’s life. On the other hand, Roark was almost expressionless when he confessed to Marv about his perverse deeds and till the very end when he was killed in cold blood. There was only a slight tinge of nervousness when he saw Kelvin’s head. This scene illustrates vividly about a man who knows he is about to meet his doom and a man who is determined to take the life of another. It is the part where dark truth is revealed. Speech used is another element of mise-en-scene, not only can it invoke thoughts in the audience, it can bring out the true nature of the character. The rampaging Marv finally achieves his maniacal madman majesty when he answers Cardinal Roark’s final question of whether killing him would satisfy him, Marv answers â€Å"The killing? No, no satisfaction. Everything up to the killing, it’d be gas. † From that, we find out that although the diabolical priest and his ward deserve to die, Marv in fact enjoys torturing people and the speech alone reveals the sadistic nature in him. The camera is focused all the time on the closed-up faces of Marv and Roark when either one is speaking. In cinematography, facing the camera is the position with the most intimacy as the character is looking in our direction and we are able to see the expressions on his face, engaging our attention. Hence in a scene like this, the closed-up face positioning would be best. Close ups give the audience time to judge a character and create mood and tension between the two characters present. In the scene, I realize that the camera points upward towards Marc, giving the audience the perception that he is the powerful and dominating character now. The camera is high angled when focused on Roark, the cannibalistic cardinal, making him seem powerless and pitiful. The computer-generated monochromatic landscape of Sin City is both elegant and vivid. Presence of retro sets and vintage cars make the city seem like a city decades again, except when one of the thugs in the film drives a Ferrari from the modern world. This means that it could be a retro-modern world or it could be set today, just that the city is still in the 40s era. The costumes donned by the characters are weird for modern day fashion, from trench coats to stripper wear. It is perhaps pulp noir imagination and visualization of a world found only in graphic novels. The use of shallow depth of field in the scene I choose, allowed the subject to be isolated from the background. It serves to direct the audience’s gaze upon the expressions of the two characters. Depth is also created by lighting, which reveals or hides the parts, which the director want the audience to see. The scene is also set up in a small room to confine the background and focus on the characters. In this essay, I have analyzed how the directors used cinematographic elements of mise-en-scene to convey meaning and stimulate response in the audience in the particular scene. Mise-en-scene is extremely important in filmmaking and has to be incorporated in every film, how well the individual or combined mise-en-scene techniques are used will help create the desired meanings in each scene.

Data Collection Relating to Personal Information and Purchase Behaviours †a Consumer Perspective

Data collection relating to personal information and purchase behaviours – a consumer perspective. Every individual to a certain percentage values their privacy. Differentiating factors amongst various individuals could be their cultural background, social environment, literacy and general awareness amongst others. Advancements in technology leading to development of secret cameras for instantaneous photographs, discount cards that store your purchase information, and scanners, have also contributed to this invasion of privacy. Database marketing assist marketers to record actual purchase behaviours of customers and hence help them monitor and tailor their promotions towards the customer’s interests. Also on the internet a customer is required to fill in certain information before they can make their purchases online. This in turn forms the basis of data capturing by the retailers; these information could be sold to marketers for their promotion purposes. Sheehan and Hoy, (2000) suggests that if customers are compensated for the use of their data, it could make them see the infringement in another way, and they may not likely term it as a privacy invasion. Such is in the case of discount cards which are data capturing instruments, but give customer a certain percentage of discount to compensate for their unknowing loss of anonymity. Consumer demography and correlation with privacy concerns Many researches carried out on this topic, though limited has shown some interesting views. The findings of Wang and Petrison (1993) for example and some other researchers are summarised below: – older people showed more concern about financial privacy than younger ones; – younger people were more aware that their data were being collected than older people – younger ones were more concerned about the benefits they would derive from giving out such information; – coloured people were less concerned; – inner city residents were less concerned; lower than average income earners were less concerned about their privacy information, but paid more attention to the compensation attached; – high income earners have more awareness and are more concerned about their privacy; – females exhibit more concern than males about their consumer privacy issues. (Graeff & Harmon, 2002). Many people find it quite easier to produce many demographic data such as age, marital status, occupation and education than to produce that which deals with the ir finances, health and criminal records. But this also depends on to whom the information is revealed and how it would be used. For example, if you are opening a checking/loan account with BankPHB plc where I work, you may be required to give details of your financial statement, personal income/pay slip, a utility bill showing evidence of your residence, your social security number or national identification number as the case may be, your health/life insurance policy and so many more in case you want access to a loan. Data of such private information could be given out to law enforcement agencies should the individual be suspected of having any involvement in money laundering or other criminal offences. Usually medical records are produced by job applicants at the point of entry for screening purposes. Consumer behaviour as regards online purchases and privacy. On internet purchases many people do not feel comfortable giving out their credit card details online, while some are just not bothered about it, but research has shown that less than a quarter of internet users feel insecure with credit card online purchases and more people prefer to use it in stores, or for telephone purchases (Graeff & Harmon, 2002). Most people do not know how their data is used and even when they do know, it seldom influences their purchasing behaviour, especially if they are high income earners, such that they still go about their normal purchasing. Consumers feel they ought to be informed and have control on how marketers use information about their buying habits; some also feel that government should regulate such uses (Graeff & Harmon, 2002). Although legal sanctions for misuse of consumer information are now in place, many marketers still ignore this and continue the practise. But it is inevitable that marketers must put a balance between their quest for information from market researches and making their customers feel comfortable doing business with them. Thearling (1998) in his work on data mining technology condemns the violation of the customer’s right to privacy of his information. For instance if you give your details solely for the purpose of making a credit card purchase and it is used for any other secondary purpose such as data mining, then it is a serious offence. The primary purpose of data collection must be clearly understood by the customer, with an option to opt out of the disclosure of such data in place. He gave an example of the CVS drug store who continually called customers up when their subscription was due for the use of Elensys. Obviously they got the data through data mining of patients’ medical data from hospitals or previous purchases. Personally, I feel this issue should be deeply addressed and should be sanctionable to make consumers more comfortable doing their businesses without fear of losing their privacy. References: Graeff, T. R. and Harmon S. (2002) Collecting and using personal data: Consumers’ awareness and concerns. Journal of Consumer Marketing. Vol. 19 No. 4 pp302-318. Available from: http://www. emeraldinsight. com. ezproxy. liv. c. uk/0736-3761. htm Accessed: September 10, 2009. Thearling, K. (1998) Data Mining and Piracy: A conflict in the making? Available online from: http://www. thearling. com/text/dsstar/privacy. htm/ Accessed 16th September 2009. Sheehan, K. B. and Hoy, M. G. (2000), â€Å"Dimensions of privacy concern among online consumers†. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing. Vol. 19 No. 1. pp 62-73. Wang, P. and Petrison, L. A. (1993), â€Å"Direct marketi ng activities and personal privacy†. Journal of Direct Marketing. Vol. 7 No. 1, pp 7-19.