Nelson Mandela: Leadership Skills

Nelson Mandela: Leadership Skills Nelson Mandela has been one of the best examples of what a leader is. If I were to describe Mandela in one word, I would say that he was, in everything that he did, a fighter. Throughout his life, he fought a lot of battles to bring freedom to his people in South Africa against the apartheid government. Mandela was born, and grew up, in the Xhosa society in Transkei. It was during his childhood when he first saw the troubles of his country like land deprivation and racism (Limb, 2008). At his time white settlers controlled and owned most of the land in South Africa. Mandela joined the African National Congress (ANC), an underground political movement, in 1942 and became one of the youth leaders in the organization (Boehmer, 2010). In 1948, the National Party implemented the apartheid government, wherein races were forcibly segregated (Boehmer, 2010). At that time, Africans (or the black people) were obliged to bring a passbook with them all the time, which has all of their identifica tion. They were not allowed to participate in the elections and were forced to live in places away from the white (Magoon, 2008). In short, they were forced to be the underprivileged ones and suffer inequality in their own native land. Mandela believed in fighting for freedom through non-violent ways. However, he was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment in 1964 (Limb, 2008). Nevertheless, even in prison, he became the beacon of hope for the people who continued to fight for freedom. When he was released from prison after 27 years, he told his people in his speech that he was disappointed by the troubles of urban black life. He was against those who were harassing innocent people and burning vehicles, pretending to be freedom fighters. He said, Freedom without civility, freedom without the ability to live in peace, was not true freedom at all (Mandela, 1994). South Africa had their first multi-racial elections in 1994 and Nelson Mandela won, therefore, becoming the first black president of South Africa. Mandelas attitude should serve as an inspiration for a special education administrator. In spite of the trials and problems he faced, he stood his ground, believed in his principles and kept on fighting. As a special education administrator, one will encounter challenges along the way. One has to set standards and policies for special education programs and make sure that these are complied. He will be the one who will fight for the students under the special education program and assure that they get to have all they need in terms of education. It will be a never-ending fight. People will be critical to students with disabilities and they will often be discriminated. However, the special education administrator, as a leader, must be an inspiration and a strong motivator of equality. With this I end with Mandelas famous line during one of his trials: I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal, which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die (Mandela, 1994, p. 181). Special education administrators must depend on positive relations with local community agencies and other forms of social support (e.g., homeless shelters, foster care agencies/DHHS) in order to provide integrated transitional services for adolescents with disabilities. As such, special education administrators must promote, implement, and sustain effective collaborations. Identify how and with whom you should collaborate as a special education administrator responsible for the promotion of adolescents with disabilities and their independent living needs and self-determination. A fight fought by a united front is more successful than a fight fought by one. Just like Mandela in his fight for freedom, he was surrounded with people who he had inspired and continued to fight for their ideals. In special education, the fight for a brighter future for the children is not placed solely on the special education administrators shoulder. It is a collaboration of people, gathering for a purpose. People usually rely on family and friends for help but sometimes, their supports are limited and there is a need to search for additional help within the community. For most people, the Oakland County Community Mental Health Authority, as the administrator of public mental health aid in Oakland County, links this gap by giving assistance to those who need it (Community Housing Network, n.d.). The OCCMHA is in charge of providing services and support to adults with psychological illness, children with severe emotional disturbances and people with developmental disabilities (Oakland County Michigan, n.d.). The OCCMHA Board checks and assesses Oakland Countys mental health needs, regulates public and private services that are required to satisfy those needs, and surveys and recommends the annual budget and implementation of plans (Oakland County Michigan, n.d.). The OCCMHA does not directly provide the services, but it provides funding to a number of different agencies that provides direct services accessible to those who needs help (Community Housing Network, n.d.). It gives extra support for people with disabilities for them to expand their chanc es of relating, learning, working, playing and contributing their best to society. Aside from the OCCMHA, the Macomb-Oakland Regional Center, Inc. (MORC) believes that persons with disabilities are members of the society (MORC, n.d.). The MORC helps the differently-abled and the mentally-challenged to accomplish their dreams and desires. The MORC does an extensive service, education and training, and support. Throughout the years, the MORC has supported many children and adults leave from nursing homes and different institutions and integrate themselves into the community once again (MORC, n.d.). The ideas of Gentle Teaching, founded by John McGee, Ph.D., are being used by MORC since 1986. This teaching is founded on the principles of training the individual to feel safe, to feel loved, to be able to love others, and that it is all right to interact with others (MORC, n.d.). Another one is the Community Living Services (CLS), which is an organization that encourages individuals with disabilities to participate in the community and learn to live on self-reliance in order to have a more fulfilling life (Community Living, n.d.). The mission of CLS is to help each person practice making decisions for themselves, to help them learn to have and maintain relationships with family and friends, and to help them become full citizens of the community (Community Living, n.d.). Scenario: your districts special education rule waivers for resource room caseloads are set to expire in 12 months. You are the new Special Education Director for the district. The Superintendent tells you soon after you were hired that he wants the next round of waivers to be developed behind closed doors, with little of no publicity or involvement from the teaching staff or parents of students with disabilities. He also said that the district needs to save more money from the next round of waivers than the first approved waivers. Should you be concerned about anything? What kind of issues (legal, moral, ethical, practical) can you anticipate ahead in accomplishing this task? Certain problem might arise in this situation. The Superintendent has to be really careful what he puts on those waivers because in the end, his name goes on the signature line below the waivers and if something is wrong, he will get in trouble and that will cost his job. If the waivers are to be developed without the involvement of the teaching staff or parents of the students with disabilities, the school might not get the right resources that can help the students with disabilities with their education. Without sufficient preparation and conceptualization from consultation with the involved parties (the teaching staff and the parents of the students with disabilities), there might be serious complications (Huefner, 1988). According to Huefner (1988), insufficient preparation might lead to the following risks: Ineffective caseload management Any local education agency (LEA) would keep on looking for ways to lessen expenses. The first solution would always be to ask the consulting teachers to handle a bigger caseload than what he or she can effectively carry (Huefner, 1988). In the system of special education, a teacher could usually take on a maximum of fifteen students only for both indirect or consulting and direct or resource services (Lilly, 1977 as cited in Huefner, 1988). If a special educator is doing consulting services only, he or she could handle thirty-five students at most, according to the National Task Force on Teacher Consultation (Idol, 1986 as cited in Huefner, 1988). However, the Teacher Consultation Task Force argues that the number of caseload an educator could carry would be based on his or her experience and collective discernment (Huefner, 1988). Nevertheless, changes in student performance are insignificant with bigger caseloads (Haight, 1984 as cited in Huefner, 1988). Unreasonable and inaccurate expectations with the effectiveness of the program Special educators have a habit of jumping from one bandwagon to another. They use what is currently popular and when it does not deliver the intended results, they tend to jump to the next one (Huefner, 1988). They are just adding more problems to a series of problems, which could have been avoided. Insufficient funds Wang, Reynolds and Walberg (1986 as cited in Huefner 1988) have proposed the use of experimental waivers to allocate funds for integrated categorical programs. Their proposal could include the allotment of funds for consulting special educators that might risk the children in a regular classroom, whether they are special education students or not (Huefner, 1988). To avoid consuming all the accessible special education funds on students who are seriously handicapped, regular education should allot a portion of its funds for the fees of carrying out consultation services (Huefner, 1988). The principles of Universal Design for Learning (UDL), as applied to the schools physical space, technology, and instruction, should insure access to the curriculum for all students. How would you design your schools physical space, technology, and instruction to meet the principles of UDL? Please be sure to address the principles of multiple means of representation, expression, and engagement when you are discussing classroom instruction. Providing the educational facilities should always be one of the top priorities. These facilities provide an effective and well-organized learning environment that would be a medium for quality education. The design should effectively suit the users of the facility. The environment must be constructed in a way that it contributes to the complete development of the individual mental, physical, and spiritual potentials (Perkins, 1957). When designing a school building, these considerations must be included: Accessibility The designer should bear in mind that access must be equally provided to all of the facilities. Ramps should be provided whenever there is a change of level, so people on wheelchairs or crutches will not have a difficulty. Other examples of these are the use of visual and audio signage and tactile strips. Aesthetics Buildings should be visually appealing and should blend well with the surroundings to foster a sense of belongingness to the community that it is part of. Exterior and interior spaces should be clearly defined to avoid confusion to the students. Keeping it simple and straight to the point helps in nurturing a sense of place. Cost-effectiveness In looking for ways to lessen the construction and maintenance costs, quality of construction should never be sacrificed. Giving up quality over quantity has negative domino effects and would greatly affect the quality education the students deserve. Functionality The designers should create a learning environment fit for the students that would help in their learning process and provide them with a quality education. Productivity in order for the school building to be productive, it should provide a comfortable and healthy environment in order to support the quality education provided by the school. Security Safety would always be the most important factor in designing any building. Factors for safety includes fire protection system and resistance to natural hazards like rain, Sustainability It should be taken into consideration when planning for the school building to avoid high cost of construction and maintenance of the building. The use of local and energy-efficient materials should be incorporated into the design of the building. Community-centered Create social spaces to promote a sense of community among the students. Social interaction plays an integral part in maintaining quality education. A student learns in two ways: books and people. Special education administrators are in a pivotal position for influencing and leading policy initiatives that cross general and special education, at a variety of levels. You have been asked to provide policy recommendations to a foreign government about how to include students with disabilities in general education classrooms. Based on your research and knowledge of US law and regulation, what would you recommend? The number of high school dropouts has gradually increased over the years, especially with students with disabilities. The rates when it comes to high school graduation, acceptance to college, and success in career or employment are very low compared to those students without disabilities (National Council on Disability, 2004). The American government has noticed that there was a decline in the quality of education in the country; so in 2001, the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act was passed to improve students academic performances. The law requires schools to gather data on how the students are performing by giving out tests which will be sorted out by race and other aspects like native language and disability (National Council on Disability, 2004). Such legislation will aid a foreign government in the inclusion of students with disabilities in general education classrooms. The NCLB helps states and schools prepare their students, as well as those with disabilities, to be able to stand on their own, academically and financially (National Council on Disability, 2004). President George W. Bush signed it into a law in 2002. This act focuses on four basic principles for education reform: (1) greater accountability for outcomes; (2) adaptability and local control; (3) more options for parents; and (4) gives importance on teaching techniques that works (National Center on Educational Outcomes, 2003 as cited in National Council on Disability, 2004). The NCLB is related to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), which controls services for students with disabilities and gives individual accountability by using Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) that are developed based on the individual students unique needs (National Council on Disability, 2004). The IDEA protects students with disabilities from discrimination and assures them that they will acquire services that are made to meet their needs in special education (American Youth Policy Forum Center on Education Policy, 2002 as cited in National Council on Disability, 2004). The National Center on Educational Outcomes believes that the NCLB complements the provisions of IDEA by giving public accountability to state, district, and school levels for every student with disability (National Council on Disability, 2004). The NCLB, in relation to IDEA, requires students with disabilities to participate in the assessment of states and districts through the tests given (National Center on Educational Outcomes, 2003 as cited in National Council on Disability, 2004). One of the main requirements of IDEA is to allow children with disabilities to be taught in the least restrictive environment as much as possible (National Council on Disability, 2004, p. 16). This means that students with disabilities are to be taught in regular or general education classrooms (National Council on Disability, 2004). The inclusion of students with disabilities in general education classrooms has garnered support from different organizations and this has proved to be doing well in terms of social and educational aspects (Loiacono Valenti, 2010).

Lab Report of the Preparation of Cds

EXPERIMENT REPORT (PREPARATION OF CdS) Experiment Purposes 1. To master the proper operations as well as the suitable situations of atmospheric pressure filtration, vacuum filtration, centrifugal separation & precipitation washing 2. To understand the relation between precipitation state % precipitating conditions 3. To learn the way to examine whether reactants are fully precipitated 4. To learn the principals of powder material synthesizing through room temperature solid phase method & liquid phase method directional growing rystal form of precipitation Experiment Principals 1. the process of precipitation forming constitutive crystal ion accumulating growing forming nuclei sediment particals amorphous precipitation crystal nuclei 2. the classification of precipitations amorphous precipitation, particle diameter smaller than 0. 02 m, ex. Fe(OH)3. the hydroxide of metals of high oxidation number would grow directionally with low rate, but accumulate very fast, forming amorphous prec ipitation curd-like precipitation, particle diameter 0. 02~0. 1 m, ex.AgCl crystal form of precipitation, diameter 0. 1~1 m, ex. BaSO4. Inorganic salts with strong polarizability grow directionally with high rate, forming crystal form of precipitation 3. CdS is a semiconductor material widely use. It can be preparated through room temperature solid phase method & liquid phase method & gas phase method. Use CdSO4 and NaS as reactants, through both room temperature solid phase method & liquid phase method to prepare CdS(s). Compare the two ways of preparation and their influence on product separation. Reactions as ollows, CdSO4+2NaS=CdS+Na2SO4 Chemical reagents: CdSO4(s), Na2S(s), 0. 3M HCL(aq), 0. 5M CdSO4(aq), 1M BaCl2(aq), widely pH tests strips, mortar, centrifugal text tube, bake oven, centrifuge, vacuum filtration apparatus, etc. Experiment Steps And Phenomena Room temperature solid phase method 1. according to the theoretically volume of product should be 1. 44g, weigh certain amount of CdSO4(s) and NaS(s), mix in dried mortal, then grind for 10-20 min. | In the mortal, White particles slowly turned into orange powders, bad egg smell is output. | 2. he product is transferred to a beaker and washed with distilled water for 3 times, until the supernatant is tested pH

A Research On The Family History Public Health Initiative

Current research activities related to concepts 1. Health History In 2002 the CDC launched the Family History Public Health Initiative, based on the notion that family history although a simple and inexpensive form of genetic assessment is an under used but effective tool for identifying patients risks. It has long been taught as one of the core foundations of the medical interview, yet over the years these skills have been lost or overwhelmed by the pressures and time constraints of day to day practice (Orlando et al. 2011). Two of the stated goals of the CDC initiative are to develop tools to enhance family health history (FHH) collection and to evaluate whether family history-based strategies work. Primary health providers partner in studying the implementation of family history collection into the medical decision making process. In an article published in BMC Health Services Research, the authors stated that bringing family history back into the realm of medical decision making is important for multiple reasons. First, disease prevention has the potential to reduce the ever escalating costs of medical care and relies entirely upon accurate disease risk prediction. Family history has been shown to improve disease risk prediction for colon cancer (Park et al 2009), breast cancer (Gail et al, 1989), and cardiovascular disease (Scheuner 2003). Second, using family history to predict disease requires several skills: understanding what family history is saying about risk,Show MoreRelatedMy Advocacy Paper On Nami Chicago1311 Words   |  6 PagesHealthcare facility which serves the mental health population. I have grown to be very aware of some of the struggles, stigmas, stereotypes and discrimination that people with mental illness are faced with. Background/History of NAMI Chicago. According to the NAMI website, NAMI is the National Alliance on Mental Illness, dedicated to serve and help those who are affected by mental illness. NAMI advocates for access to services, treatment, supports research works to raise awareness (NAMI of Grater ChicagoRead MoreCost and Quality Analysis1217 Words   |  5 PagesCanyon University July 24th, 2012 Ethics, Policy, and Finance in the Health Care System Sally L. Clark A challenge that the healthcare nation is facing is to provide the quality of care that is expected and obtain low healthcare cost. Working hand in hand with the private sector and government is in hopes of improving the quality of care that each patient deserves and maintaining the cost so that research can continue. The purpose of this paper is to look into relationshipsRead MoreLiterature Review : Canadian Prevention Plan768 Words   |  4 PagesYet, there are less conclusive studies with the topics shown above and AD. Also, a majority of the literary research with military personnel are mostly on U.S. soldiers. There are only a few studies showing Canadian statistics of AD and mental health disorders. Fortunately, the Alzheimer’s disease and Dementia association has a section of research on the military that is available to the public. The keywords used were MOS risk factors, Alzheimer’s, Alzheimer’s disease risk factors, veterans, militaryRead More Head St art Essay example1667 Words   |  7 Pagesprograms which serve children from birth to age five, pregnant woman and their extended families. They are child-focused programs that have the overall goal of increasing the school readiness of young children in low-income families. . These programs try to prepare young children intellectually, socially, emotionally and physically for their future educational and social endeavors. ( U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2002).. The programs prepare the parent(s) to be supportive in the endeavorRead MorePoverty, Equity, Human Rights, And Health1390 Words   |  6 Pageshuman rights, and health with an overview of the links between them; the history of past global efforts; and five recommendations to the health sector to focus its resources to gain maximum impact. Their paper stands on the shoulders of well-established research and theory. It is well established that there is a link between poverty and poor health, including decre ased morbidity and mortality (Irwin Scali, 2007; Wagstaff, 2002). Likewise, that the cycle of the determinants of health can be broken byRead MoreEssay on Regulatory Agency1189 Words   |  5 Pages 2008 The Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) is one of the many agencies that handle an array of healthcare departments as well as research. The DHHS caters to citizens of all nationalities, race, and ethnicities. The DHHS focus is to protect the health of all Americans and providing the highest level of human services, especially for those who are least able to help themselves. The Public Health Service is divided into 42 subdivisions (Department of Health and Human Services, 2007)Read MoreHillary Rodham Clinton: A Biography1401 Words   |  6 Pagesnew life with Bill Clinton and their support for each other opened another chapter in Hillarys success story. Hillary Clinton has always played an active role in politics and it is because of this that she has been leaving a prominent mark in the history of American women and their accomplishments. Her first major task was in Arkansas, in the year 1983, when she was interested in bringing educational reform to the state. At this point in time, Hillary Clintons husband was serving his second termRead MoreChildhood Depression And Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder1536 Words   |  7 Pagessuch as anxiety, depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, are chronic health conditions that present between birth and age 18.1 Mental disorders are characterized as a â€Å"combination of abnormal thoughts, emotions, and behaviors†2 that may impair a child’s functioning in school, at home, and in everyday life. They are caused by a combination of biological and environmental factors i.e. a family history of anxiety and living below the poverty line. CDC estimates that twenty percent of childrenRead MoreEmergency Room, Advocate For The Free Treatment For Colorectal And Prostate Cancer985 Words   |  4 Pagesthe mentality of public to use primary care instea d of the Emergency Room, advocate for the free treatment for colorectal and prostate cancer and the linking of education of Health Care System to English as a Second Language courses in the community. Other plans include the formation of a community health Insurance Program for everyone in the community, application for grants that would allow Visiting Nurse to educate communities with recent immigrants on the United States health care system, provideRead MoreHealth Promotion And Its Effects On The Wellbeing1673 Words   |  7 PagesHealth is usually a complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of a disease or infirmity. In current century people inherits good health, or some may have sickness at times or some may have serious illness. As the lifestyle changes, so does the people’s health changes (Human Kinetics, n.d). By having good health helps people to fully get involved in their communities and also to participate in different activities among the community. Health promotion is the procedure

Did You Know That Barbie Has a Full Name

Mattel Inc manufactures the iconic Barbie doll. She first appeared on the world stage in 1959. American businesswoman Ruth Handler invented the Barbie doll. Ruth Handlers husband,  Elliot Handler, was the co-founder of Mattel Inc, and Ruth herself later served as president. Read on to discover how Ruth Handler came up with the idea for Barbie and the story behind Barbies full name: Barbara Millicent Roberts. Origin Story Ruth Handler came up with the idea of Barbie after she realized that her daughter liked to play with paper dolls that resembled grown-ups. Handler suggested making a doll that looked like an adult rather than a child. She also wanted the doll to be three-dimensional so that it could actually wear fabric clothing rather than paper clothing that two-dimensional paper dolls sported. The doll was named after Handlers daughter, Barbara Millicent Roberts. Barbie is a shortened version of Barbaras full name. Later, the Ken doll was added to the Barbie Collection. In a similar fashion, Ken was named after Ruth and Elliots son, Kenneth. Fictional Life Story While Barbara Millicent Roberts was a real child, the doll named Barbara Millicent Roberts was given a fictional life story as told in a series of novels published in the 1960s. According to these stories, Barbie is a high school student from a fictional town in Wisconsin. Her parents names are Margaret and George Roberts, and her off-and-on boyfriends name is Ken Carson. In the 1990s, a new life story for Barbie was published in which she lived and went to high school in Manhattan. Apparently, Barbie had a break with Ken in 2004 during which she met Blaine, an Australian surfer. Bild Lilli When Handler was conceptualizing Barbie, she used the Bild Lilli doll as inspiration. Bild Lilli was a German fashion doll invented by Max Weisbrodt and produced by Greiner Hausser Gmbh. It was not intended to be a childrens toy but rather a gag gift. The doll was produced for nine years, from 1955 until it was acquired by Mattel Inc. in 1964. The doll was based on a cartoon character named Lilli who flaunted a stylish and extensive 1950s wardrobe.   The First Barbie Outfit The Barbie doll was first seen at the 1959 American International Toy Fair in New York. The first edition of Barbie sported a zebra-striped swimsuit and a ponytail with either blonde or brunette hair. The clothes were designed by Charlotte Johnson and hand-stitched in Japan.

The Mystery Of Vampires Cultural Connections - 2293 Words

Vampires: Cultural Connections The actual definition of the word vampire and it origin is still mysterious as the creature it is used to described but one thing is certain that there are debates as to where the word came from. From the earliest mention of the creatures being present in early Mesopotamian texts, to Eastern Europe, the creatures that are revenants or beings that have returned from the dead and that feed off the living. In folklore this creature is prevalent in stories from Eastern Europe as well as lands to the north as well as Africa and Mesoamerica. 1. Early Beginnings In order to explain things around them, early civilizations would often create stories on things that could not be explained. This had been seen in the creation of the world as well as why people die and what happens after. The vampire can reasonably be seen in this category, where an explanation would be needed to explain the spread of a disease or why a village would be suffering constant death. In folklore, the vampire in most cultures especially ones that were Slavic, would have been the undead and mostly looking grotesque as well as appearing as having just returned from the grave. (Orlomoski 5)(Barber 40) One of the major points in the case of the vampire, in most of the stories from Eastern Europe, the creature will have returned from the dead to feast on the living with only certain methods that would repulse or kill the creature. There are several distinctions between the vampires ofShow MoreRelatedThe Origins of the Species by Charles Darwin Essay examples2012 Words   |  9 PagesGothic fiction emerged in the late eighteenth century and it was an extension of Romanticism. The principal characteristic of Gothic is the account of terrifying situations with elements like the sublime, madness, mystery, death, supernatural and horror. But as all the literary genres it underwent a transition. In the nineteenth century, the coming of Queen Victoria to the throne, the introduction of new scientific theories, the publication of The Origin of Species by Charles Darwin and industrializationRead MoreHow I Read Literature Like A Professor Notes3177 Words   |  13 Pagesolder figures violated younger girls †¢ The vampire leaves his mark on the victim/ steals innocence †¢ The vampire is corrupted with older values †¢ Victim gets stripped away of youth, energy and virtue †¢ Death/destruction of victim †¢ Vampirism symbols- selfishness and exploitation †¢ Scary things (ghosts, vampires, etc.) symbolize various aspects of our more common reality †¢ Ghosts and vampires are always about something other than their selves †¢ Vampires and ghosts gain strength by weakening someoneRead More Capitalism, Marketing, and the Insidious and Covert Co-optation of the Self6482 Words   |  26 Pagesconsensus. The strap-on (Lonehead , ONLINE SOURCE, NO PAGE NUM) persona, the irrelevance of grounding identity in communal agreement, and the wholesale appropriation of the other (Stone 83) open the self to new territories of signification, connection, desire, and empowerment. 2.3. The Avatar in Practice Who use an avatar, and to what end? A survey of the avatars and virtual bodies inhabiting the web reveals a colony of extremely generic, homogenous representations rooted in prevailingRead MoreThe Fiction of Literature: Folk Tales, Fan Fiction, and Oral Tradition in the Internet Age2388 Words   |  10 PagesTolkien’s works, in the words of Tolkien scholar Tom Shippey, â€Å"ha[ve] become part of the mental furniture of the culture†¦ [They are] a story that everybody kn[ows] about, even if they c[a]n’t remember ever reading or hearing any version of it.† This cultural awareness of a story is the direct result of the adaptations and additions Tolkien described. First with official illustrations, and later with an entire genre of Tolkien-inspired bands and musicians, and even a ballet, many other hands and mindsRead MoreStevensons Use of Technique to Present Character and Atmosphere in The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde3297 Words   |  14 Pagesmonthly. This novel would have been a mystery, where each new chapter would have involved an attempt to discover the identity of Hyde and how he was using Dr Jekyll in an evil and uncontrollable way. Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde was published in 1886 which was the period of ‘shilling shockers’ or ‘penny dreadfuls’ which were cheap horror literature and sensationalism stories. This novel is not the only one to enter our lives as part of English cultural mythology. As well as Stevenson’sRead MoreVictorian Novel9605 Words   |  39 Pagesscience: psychology, evolution, sociology. â€Å" Spiritual and temporal worlds are darkened by the shadows of change† and the country was something compared to the heart of revolutions, which referred to the English heydays in terms of urban, social and cultural changes. What were the most significant signs of progress? Firstly, it is worth mentioning the importance of the expansion of railways. In a short time it greatly influenced not only the landscape of the country but also the perception of the spaceRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesancestors whose struggles have enabled us to survive and thrive This page intentionally left blank Foreword One of the most useful things about Ennis Edmondss Rastafari: From Outcasts to Culture Bearers is that it correctly traces the connection between the emergence of Rastafarianism and the history of resistance and black consciousness that has been part of the Jamaican experience for years. The truth is that there has always been a committed Jamaican counter- culture that celebrates

Database+Coursework Database 101 Free Essays

Area Film and Literary Society (MLFS) provide groups and events for local people. All participants must be members (who pay an annual fee) or their guests who may attend events. Fees vary from one group to another. We will write a custom essay sample on Database+Coursework Database 101 or any similar topic only for you Order Now In addition members may have a reduction in fees depending on their type of membership. For example Individual members pay 100% fees and Concessionary members pay 50%. There are also Household members and a special category called Friends of the Society. The Society hosts a number of groups which meet monthly. Members can join one or more groups; currently these include Film, Science, Reading and Poetry Groups. A paper record is held for each member, an example of which is given below. Member details| Event talents| Member No1022 NameJay PatelTelephone020 8888 3333AddressHigh Rd, London Member type Individual | Ability Code| Talent | | 01 Poetry 05 Science| membership records| Session (year)| Group code| Group name| CoordNo| CoordName| Feepaid| Date paid| 2007-2008| 01 | Poetry | 102| Carol Duffy| ? 0| 19/09/07| 2008-2009| 01 | Poetry | 102| Carol Duffy| ? 60| 02/09/08| 2008-2009| 06 | Reading| 111| Jane Austen| ? 75| 03/09/08| 2009-2010| 05 | Science| 181| Marie Curie| ? 90| 03/09/09| * | * | * | * | * | * | * | Note that the group code and the ability code are both based on the same domain of values. The latter represents members’ talents which the Society may make use of – this is described later. One group of a particular type (such as Poetry) will be run each year, assum ing there are nine or more members who want to join a group. Each group is run by a coordinator, who may change from one year to the next. In addition to the above, the society holds the address and telephone number of each coordinator. Besides groups, the society also holds one-off special events, such as lectures, films, art exhibitions and musical evenings. Events do not relate to particular groups: they are open to all members and their guests and are organised by one of the coordinators. Events will be led by an outside speaker, or sometimes a member (who have special talents as shown in the example record above) will act as the speaker. Each event will have only one speaker (whether an outside speaker or a member speaker), but a speaker may speak at a number of events. Details will be held of the event name, the date, and venue and outside speakers (name and telephone number). The Society will keep records of members who attended events and the number of guests for each member per event. 1a) Entity-relationship model mapped to a relational database If you need to revise this topic, see Text Book Chapter 3. Produce an Entity-Relationship Model using UML notation for the above case. Convert to a relational model by specifying the primary and foreign keys, mapping any one-to-one relationships into relations, and decomposing any many-to-many relationships. This is the Relation diagram and the diagram which you should submit. Note that there is no need to include the type of each attribute. State any assumptions that you may need to make particularly about optional and mandatory relationships. Note that assumptions are about how you have interpreted the scenario, not about the E-R modelling process. The ERD is not trivial – it involves at least 10 entities. I suggest you start by each member of your group concentrating on different parts of the ERD and then coming together to discuss. Remember: * databases hold historical information, not just details of current records * to work out cardinality of relationship use ‘two sentences each starting with the word one’ * check all attributes; they should be atomic (single-valued) * check primary/foreign key links (remember the foreign key goes on the ‘many side’) * decompose any m:n relationships 1b) Validate the model Checking for connection traps Examine your model and identify one potential trap (fan trap or chasm trap) – if present. Consider whether this may cause a problem to your model and re-draw if necessary, arguing your case either way. Supporting the functional requirements Validate the model to check it can support the following functional requirement i. e. specify the access path by listing the appropriate relations (taking into account the correct relationships) from your diagram: ‘List all members by name who have ever belonged to the Science group, who have a talent for music and have attended an event with Goldie as the outside speaker. ’ How to cite Database+Coursework Database 101, Papers

Wal-Mart Marketing Strategy-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Opportunity of a Premium Segment of Wal-Marts. Answer: Introduction Wal-Mart is a hypermarket giant in the retail industry of American origin. Since 1945, they have expanded their market since and have captured the international market too. But the international digitalisation and globalisation is making people used to the online purchase option rather than making them visit a physical store. Therefore, the company is planning to open an exclusive store in the country to counter their image of a reasonable store. They are also focusing on creating a different image of themselves through this plan. The report contains the current market analysis and the strategic advantage that the company may have and which can be used by them in their new premium shop. Therefore, the present situation analysis will give an insight for the company personnel on which competencies and strong points to focus on. The PESTLE and SWOT analysis of the company gives the insights that they are relevant to make the Brick and Mortar store (Rezaei 2015). This premium store would incorporate the consumer behaviour outcome aspect of the company that would help to increase the visibility and revenue of the company. The legal issues that the company had faced will be ensured to avoid in the new store. The environmental and legal aspect will also be made sure to overcome in this new process. Their incorporation of new marketing strategy would be needed to achieve a successful plan for Wal-Mart. The evaluation here suggests that the company uses traditional print media advertisements as well as the social media for advertisements and recent ecommerce website is organised and optimised. Therefore, the segmentation, targeting and positioning of the Wal-Mart customers are also outline in the second part of the assignment. The recommendations based on the objective of the of SMART goals are also highlighted in the assignment. Situational Analysis PESTLE The PESTLE analysis of shows the external environment features that directly or indirectly affects the company or the industry. Political The political environment of US is very volatile. But the market is stable for the retails. The import and export policies regarding logistics and supply chain are favourable for the retails to source better materials. However, the company had faced legal issues regarding gender discrimination in their staff. Also US is has more growth in the services which would only provide as an advantage for the retail. Economical - the GDP (gross domestic product) of USA as of 2017 is 2.3 % (estimated). Which is slightly less at the moment but a rebound is expected in 2018. The capital asset leverage is also expected to rise pushing the sector to more invest in industry, increasing the sales. The supercentres are gaining advantage in the country. He employment sector is also facing different challenges in US Social As with the rise of supercentres where people can get anything and everything. It provides Wal-Mart a strategic advantage as it has been seen that many local stores are towns are either getting acquired by Wal-Mart or shutting down. In addition, Wal-Mart does employs a large section of labour in the country. Technological USA is technological hub for the worlds business centres. The services industry has only gained the momentum because of the technological innovation in the country. Wal-Mart is well equipped with technological advances. They use the machine language and big data analysis in drawing different conclusion in consumer behaviour. The warehousing systems are fully automated and makes the sourcing of materials efficient in their outcome. The online website of their consumer durables and non-durables have become very important, though they have more visibility or presence through their brick and mortar stores. Legal the legal framework of the country is very strict with their regulation. Therefore, the company should consider the regulations regarding the product liability and distribution chain as well as food industry regulations before opening the brick and mortar store. The property insurance for emergencies should be incorporated for liability insurance. The legal and tax implications for food and consumer durables should also be considered. The FDA (Food and Drug Administration), CPSC (Consumer product safety commission) and EPA (Environmental Protection) regulations should be incorporated in the regulations of the store. This is of utmost importance as the company has faced legal issues and had to pay 80 million dollar for using hazardous materials and for wastage of resources. Environmental the environmental aspect of America is also regulated to maintain the balance of usage of resources. The series of environmental measures are to be considered before increasing the efficiency in the company. The energy expenses and efficiency should also be considered in maintaining the environmental laws of the country. The focus should be in increasing organic sales, which can also be used for corporate social responsibility. The packaging and energy expenses should also be reduced in this new plan of events. SWOT analysis Strength It is one of the biggest wholesalers in the international market. There are no rival of equal measure of the company Wal-Mart is one of the most important players in introducing the flagship product. It also has cost leadership in the market as well as the reputation is also good in the market in proving the necessary products The company has been in the business for the last fifty years, therefore, the company has more significant experience in marketing products Weakness The major weakness of the company lies in the competitiveness in the industry. The players are more equipped with the competencies that the market needs. Tesco and Costco have become the brands of the local market. They pose threats for Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart has shown reduction in store sales as well as 8 stores have shut down The urban spaces are showing lesser and lesser sales through their physical store and getting more visits in the online store. Therefore, the set up of the outlets are not catching attention of the company. Opportunities The company has more chance of being successful in the international market. They can also expand as they have the greatest network of logistics among the suppliers and outsourcing capability that can serve as an advantage in the company In the future years, the company can use societal marketing to contribute to the economic development in USA or in other neighbouring countries. As the company has recently expanded in the ecommerce industry, they can explore more in the ecommerce sector. Threats The employment sector has shown growth in the recent years. People are becoming conscious about their health, rejecting the fast food from their health routine. The major competitor of Wal-Mart Tesco and Costco has exclusive clothing sections and alcohol department advantage in the company and therefore challenges the Wal-Mart. The consumer durables department of Wal-Mart also has less profitability in the company Competitive advantage Being in the industry for more than 50 years they have gathered more experience, maturity in dealing with their suppliers, building a good workforce relationship. This provides Wal-Mart a great competitive advantage. This also provides the company with efficiency and confidence as well as reduced labour cost for them. This also provides them a proper advantage in their organisational skills (Chandra 2015). The basic and good old-fashioned retailing is also their Unique-selling proposition in the company. They are also customer-oriented company. They also invested more than 1 billion investment in the customisation as well as in hiking the wages as well as in training. The important part of their organisation is the employing a large part of their population. The company is also improving the grocery section and including more organic fresh produce as the people are becoming more aware of their health, which is being reflected in their buying behaviour. Enhancing the shopping experience of their customers and flexibility of the company has been the focus of their company. They provide latest customer experience for their retail outlets customers. Sustainability in their competitive advantage is also incorporated in their business strategy. Their everyday low pricing strategy has served them well in the years. The drive out costs and economies of scales is also part of their strategic locations wide through the company. Their internal assets and good reputation has provided them a proper guarantee among their customers. The hub and spoke network of the companys distribution system is also known to provide them an efficient process and good market position as market leaders. Electronic data exchange system has improved their communication process in their companys different location and helped in developing a proper communication system with their suppliers and distribution centre as well as inventory control Evaluation of their marketing strategy Wal-Mart uses different marketing medium for their product range. As their range of products are huge in number, its compels them to use different medium of marketing tools. They mostly use the digital medium and television advertising for consumer durables. For consumer non-durables, they uses the advertising medium digital medium like website of the company. The company is also known to attract customers from their through TV, Radio and newspaper advertisements. They invested more than 3 billion for marketing of the company. Monthly circulars and newspaper advertisements of the company attract customers (Chandra 2015). Different monthly newspaper circulars attract customers through different discounts and offers in their clothing sections. The newspaper advertisements of their durables are also part of their marketing strategy. The marketing budget is controlled through the advertisements agency and marketing consultants. Interactive marketing strategies and sales of the company ha ve shown better performance comparing with their competitors. To reduce the wastage in the company they have adopted green logistics strategies for transportation. This ensures that the efficient use of resources and contributes to the green marketing systems. The have also incorporated green packaging in their company. Wal-Mart is very much into the social marketing concept and corporate social responsibility is the main source of their marketing and communication system. They also house the different major brand of products, that are Sams Choice, Great Value, Equate and Play Day. The additional home line brands that are marketed through the popular magazine. The home trends and decor accessories plays a vital role in the company. The Canopy, Dura brand, Premark and Puritan are former brands of the company that supplies the automotive structure of the company to source materials. They are also regarding the relationship marketing in some of the products that are of high range. The company also uses the social media and constantly engages the customers through their Face Book and Twitter channel of the organisation Segmentation The company has a larger range of product that cannot be targeted to a specific profile. The product portfolio contains home appliance and fixtures and furnitures of that must be targeted at a different part of customers. Other clothing segment of the company must be targeted at much younger generation rather than that of fixtures buyers. The geographic segmentation according the most trafficked area of domestic and consumer durables buyers is also in the profile of their customers. Segmentation of the company according the urban and suburban area should also be kept in mind. The company is facing problems regarding the companys visibility in the urban area supermarkets, some of which having been closing down eight of their outlets due to rise in the cost of company. The demography of the customers of Wal-Mart are Bachelors, Newly married couple or mid aged wives and a full nest of 1, 2, 3 children of married couple. The solitary survivors of in labour force. For the income group is a wide range for Wal-Mart as it contains lower and middle-income groups. However, for World-Lux it should be of higher income groups. As a behavioural segment, the degree of loyalty is also divided in hard core loyals and switchers among the users. The brick and mortar that the company is looking to open in the USA should also consider this behavioural profile of customers. Therefore, they should also focus on the rich segment of USA. As this would decrease their customer, acquisition cost (Gupta 2014). The benefits sought segment is the cost advantage segment of the customers. The lifestyle of the Wal-Marts customers is also cross cultural and young and Rubicon. These features should also be incorporated in their target profile of the customer. Targeting The target customer of Wal-Mart has an annual income of $20,000 to $25,000 currently. This is an average income of the population in America. Wal-Marts customers contain all income groups of USA. This profile of customers should be indirectly targeted. The premium part of their brick and Mortar should involve the rich and well off segment (Lesse and Schwartz 2015)t. The rich millennial that have more than an income of 50,000 thousand dollars should also be targeted. As social media has become the main tool of marketing that would include youth as a target customers as well. Therefore, the company should also focus on the millennial with more than 50,000-dollar income. Positioning As belonging to the better and richer target market, the positioning should be parallel to that. These would include superior design, differentiated product in the market. For example, the luxury brand like Gucci, Armani have premium segment customers only, and their marketing strategy is focused into that with channels too through personal relations and interactive marketing through marketing personnel. The design superiority of the companys product should be highlighted to those customers who are willing to buy the products. The point of parity of their products should be focused in the garment as they hold the most chances of redefining the parity. The point of difference of this marketing strategy should be unique selling propositional element of World Luxs strategy. The marketed product should be sourced from the premium boutiques designers as well as the ambience experience of the company (Verhoef 2015 Recommended objectives and goals (SMART) SMART objectives and goals of the company and what should be the objective of the according the specific, measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Time-Bound values are given in the following discussion. Specific - the main objective of defining the process and specifying the goal and why the specific goals have been chosen is defined in this process. For marketing goals of World Lux, the premium retail of sector has been chosen. The target market would be rich millennial for the company, as well as the person should have a more than 50,000 dollar earnings. The retail outlet would have a premium range of product portfolio, carefully chosen from the best suppliers that would help the organisation in meeting the premium choices of the customers. The sourcing from the suppliers, with Wal-Marts efficiency in logistics and supply chain would help them in focusing on this demography of the customers. Gauging their behaviour with their already efficient customer relationship management department can be used in this process. The more focused goal of this premium store is to attract the customers of USA to buy from the brick and mortar site. They gets unique and effective customer experience in buying from the retail outlet rather than shopping online from the website. This is the specific marketing objective of the company. To promote the product to their customers they should also use their social media channel. Measurable to determine the success factor off the World Lux, the company must ensure the key performance indicators for some of the initial years. This would give an insight for the company to gain the long term benefits opportunities from tis business. The primary key performance indicators are total sales revenue, Profitability against the last month, Earnings measured from volume of sales (Reyhle and Prescott 2014). The increment in the revenue with the exact percentage should also be considered in the measuring variables. The marketing approaches of the company through different channel. For online media marketing the click through rate and click per second would apply to be the measurement of World Luxs visibility in the target audience. The organic marketing would be useful for this purpose. The market share of the company is to be calculated as to gauge the increment in the share too. An efficient or effective customer measurements to gauge the new and repeat customer visits in the store would also help in the process. Achievable - This would provide to get knowledge of their competitors as well setting a reasonable target for their company. Some of the achievable target are increasing their market share by 10 %. As Walmart has more integrated network comparing their global competitors they can use it for this premium subsidiary to increase their visibility in international market. Customer acquisition to be increased by 12 % which is also achievable. Relevant - setting a realistic target for this premium retail would be necessary. The boom of ecommerce is surely to affect the retail industrys outcome and therefore, it would be necessary for the company to use the historical data of another premium retail and analyse their performance in order to get more insights in their performance. Time bound the above objectives are to be achieved by initial two years after opening of the retail store. The timeline for increasing the market share would be first five years after existence. Recommended marketing strategy based on the application of marketing mix Based on the analysis of the companys marketing mix Product the company has a supermarkets portfolio of products. Therefore, the World Lux should focus on their most selling part of their product range. The premium retail should focus on the clothing market and babys product market, where the company can have the greater opportunity to increase their revenue. The main competitor of the company is Target which can challenge their position in the premium sector as Target itself is a premium retail. Place As per the geographic segmentation the premium retail must be in the most trafficked area. The Capital, Washington D.C and its neighbouring urban area is also suitable for the place. This will also be near headquarter of the company. The convenience of the customers should also be kept in mind (Goworek and McGoldrick 2015). Price - As the company will belong in the premium retail, the pricing strategy should consist of market skimming strategy. This would help the company to recover the initially rising variable cost. A strategic balance between thee prices like, where they can charge more and in which product in retail they can charge less should be formulated. For example, for an exclusive shopping experience in the consumer durables the company can charge more but in the grocery shops they can mitigate the expense of their customers by offering reasonable pricing (Swoboda et al. 2015). Promotion both of the traditional as well as modern medium of pricing should be used in the company. The high end magazines, physical demos, relationship marketing, paper circulars, television, hoardings should be used in promoting about their retail products. In addition, the modern marketing medium like through Face Book, Twitter, You Tube channels should be used as well as a different website for specifically for the premium retail should be used in this process. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that the Walmart has different competitive advantage available. Though the company s facing some challenges as being in the maturity stage, they are also looking to increase their customers satisfaction through different strategies discussed above. Part 1 of the assignment suggests that the situational analysis of the company and the marketing environment and their influencing factors (Goworek and McGoldrick 2015). The factors are utilised in the analysis. Though gender discrimination issues and illegally wasting resources have challenged the company they bounced back from that state and regained their position. The next part of the assignment consists of the recommendation part of of their different marketing objectives and goals. The SMART goal are clearly defined and suggested as per the analysis. . The main goal of this premium store is to attract the customers of USA to buy from the brick and mortar site. They gets unique customer experience in the ir purchase from the retail outlet rather than shopping online from the website. Based on this specific outcomes the key performance indicators are given in the company. References Chandra, P.S., 2015. Impact of Service Quality on Customer SatisfactionA study on Reliance Fresh Retail stores in Andhra Pradesh State.ELK Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Retail Management,6(3), pp.27-42. da Silva, S.S. and Oliveira, M.A., 2014. Development of marketing and retail simulators for Business games.Revista Eletrnica de Estratgia Negcios,7(1), pp.242-262. Dimitrova, B.V., Rosenbloom, B. and Andras, T.L., 2017. International Retail Expansion: Whats Ahead?An Abstract. InCreating Marketing Magic and Innovative Future Marketing Trends(pp. 861-862). Springer, Cham. Fernie, J. and Sparks, L., 2014.Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new challenges in the retail supply chain. Kogan page publishers. Flint, D.J., Lusch, R.F. and Vargo, S.L., 2014. The supply chain management of shopper marketing as viewed through a service ecosystem lens.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,44(1/2), pp.23-38. Goworek, H. and McGoldrick, P., 2015.Retail marketing management: Principles and practice. Pearson Higher Ed. Gupta, P., 2014. GLOBAL TO LOCAL: MARKETING OF RETAIL SERVICES IN RURAL INDIA VIS-A-VIS URBAN INDIA.International Journal of Retailing Rural Business Perspectives,3(3), p.1152. Ko, E., Hwang, Y.K. and Kim, E.Y., 2013. Green marketing'functions in building corporate image in the retail setting.Journal of Business Research,66(10), pp.1709-1715. Lesser, J.A. and Schwartz, M.L., 2015. Impact of Marketing Trends on Retail Employee Perceptions of Organizational Climate, Job Satisfaction, and Job Motivation. InProceedings of the 1986 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 471-471). Springer, Cham. Magrath, V. and McCormick, H., 2013. Marketing design elements of mobile fashion retail apps.Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal,17(1), pp.115-134. McEachern, M.G., 2017. Driving Circularities in the Food Supply Chain: The Sustainable Role of Alternative Food Retail Enterprises (AFREs). Pan, Y. and Zinkhan, G.M., 2015. Determinants Of Online Patronage Behavior In A Retail Setting. InProceedings of the 2002 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 102-102). Springer, Cham. Parsons, A.G. and Descatoires, E., 2016. Retail marketing: A novel research agenda.Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ),24(2), pp.102-107. Pousttchi, K. and Hufenbach, Y., 2014. Engineering the value network of the customer interface and marketing in the data-rich retail environment.International Journal of Electronic Commerce,18(4), pp.17-42. Reyhle, N. and Prescott, J., 2014.Retail 101: The Guide to Managing and Marketing Your Retail Business. McGraw Hill Professional. Rezaei, S., 2015. Segmenting consumer decision-making styles (CDMS) toward marketing practice: A partial least squares (PLS) path modeling approach.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,22, pp.1-15. Rukuni, T.F., Shaw, G., Chetty, Y., Kgama, P., Kekana, P. and Rogers, K., 2017. Viral Marketing Strategies and Customer Buying Behavioural Intentions at Retail Store in Johannesburg.Business Management and Strategy,8(1), pp.59-83. Shetty, S.M., 2016. Customer Data Analytics-Revolutionizing Marketing and Customer Retention in Retail and e-commerce. Swoboda, B., Berg, B., Schramm-Klein, H., Pop, N.A. and Dabija, C., 2015. Does the Impact of Retailer Attributes on Store Image Vary Between Retail Formats? Insights from the Romanian Grocery Retail Market. InMarketing in Transition: Scarcity, Globalism, Sustainability(pp. 328-328). Springer, Cham. Verhoef, P.C., Kannan, P.K. and Inman, J.J., 2015. From multi-channel retailing to omni-channel retailing: introduction to the special issue on multi-channel retailing.Journal of retailing,91(2), pp.174-181. Yu, W., Ramanathan, R. and Nath, P., 2014. The impacts of marketing and operations capabilities on financial performance in the UK retail sector: A resource-based perspective.Industrial Marketing Management,43(1), pp.25-31. Zhang, Y., Gao, Y., Li, X. and Wang, D., 2015. Research on Operating Performance and E-business Marketing Strategy in Retail Enterprises based on Online Shopping.International Journal of Security and Its Applications,9(11), pp.87-96